The Rules of Negotiation

How many Sales people really understandcourse, but we will need to engage our team in
NEGOTIATION? Sadly too few.overtime to meet the deadline, therefore it will
Many enter the negotiation cycle without realizingattract a 10% price premium".
they are in a critical part of the Sales Process...Salesmen naturally believe that the Buyer has a
and if you are a sales person, and unable tothe upper hand, particularly as he may have a
determine where the boundaries are, read on.choice of suppliers. However, if you have reached
NEGOTIATION, when used well is a highlythe negotiation phase, it can be assumed you are
powerful Sales Tool, but how many of us reallywinning the competitive battle. At this point the
use it to best effect? How many Sales peoplesales man should never underestimate the
are 100% prepared when it comes to negotiation.strength of his proposition.
Not many.It is not unknown for a negotiation to break down
Indeed negotiation is not always related to Salesirretrievably, although with thorough preparation
situations. For example we have all had theby both sides, this is an unlikely outcome.
discussions with our siblings along the line of: "CanThe outcome of a negotiation and subsequent
you take me to the pictures tomorrow?",business deal fall into three categories. The first, a
responding with: "Only if you tidy your bedroom".'win - win' is the most desirable, both sides feel
Indeed a primitive, but often effective negotiation,good about what has been achieved, and it is a
and indeed one (if carried out) can lead to a 'win -great foundation for further business between the
win' outcome!two parties.
It is vitally important to recognize when the salesA 'win - lose' is where one company is delighted
process enters the 'negotiation phase'. Failure towith the deal, and the other is regretting the
recognise this may be detrimental to your desiredagreement, and feeling 'stitched up'. Frequently the
outcome, and do the salesman a disservice.'delighted party' is oblivious of the thoughts of the
So, what is negotiation?'aggrieved party'. In this case, unless some
I have over the years heard many definitions, butremedial work can be done on the relationship, it
the simple ones are always the best:is highly unlikely that the parties will do business
"The exchange of tradables to facilitate antogether.
agreement".The final outcome is a "lose - lose" outcome. Both
Simple!parties feel the deal was poor, and such
And what are tradables? And more importantly,outcomes should be avoided at all costs.
how many sales men can list them?However, they do happen due to business
Tradables are the areas where a Salesman or apressures, expediency and other compelling issues.
Buyer can 'give a little'. The obvious one is price,Indeed it is highly unlikely that these parties will do
or more accurately, cost of goods/service. Butbusiness again with each other.
there are many others too. They can includeSo how do we ensure that outcomes are 'win -
aspects such as product/service specification,win'.
payment terms, delivery and quantity.Simple - preparation is key. A salesman MUST
Let us look at some sales examples.know and understand his tradables. A buyer may
The buyer says "Yes, I like the look of yourhave different tradables depending on what he is
resistors, and if you can get the price down bybuying. Both parties must accept that transaction
10% then we can do business."value can be talked up as well as down.
The inexperienced salesman, who does not realiseTypical tradables for a salesman would be (and
that the negotiation phase has just been enteredthese can be traded up and down):
is inclined to say "Yes" in great haste to close aDelivery time
deal. However, the more experienced salesmanOrder value
who has a clear understanding of his tradablesQuantity
may respond in one of the following ways:Contract duration
"Of course, but I will need you to commit to a 12Product finish (specification)
month agreement for me to guarantee thisPackaging
price"orPacking and delivery costs
"We can meet this price, but we will have toInsurance cover
provide the product without the wiredDelivery frequency
connectors"Payment terms
Another example would be:In summary, the best salesmen recognize their
Buyer - "If you can guarantee delivery by thetradables, they can recite them at a moments
end of the month then we can place an ordernotice, and they recognize the simple signs of
now".negotiation. Furthermore, they have an empathy
Again, the inexperienced may jump at the offer,to the needs of their customer in order that all
but the more measured approach would be: "Ofoutcomes are 'win - win.