Kitchen GFCI Receptacle and Other Electrical Requirements

Kitchen GFCI receptacles are required by themaintained so close. However, no electrical outlets
2008 NEC (National Electrical Code) to be installedare required on the wall directly above the kitchen
along the countertop surfaces.range, cook-top or sink.
GFCI - (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter)- Kitchen refrigerator power supply does not
Actually, this requirement has been in place sincerequire GFCI protection, just an individual (15amp
1996 NEC, and an important thing to remember:rating or more) branch circuit (if you have a
If you have an older kitchen, and for any reasonrefrigerator in the garage or an unfinished
decided to replace a regular electrical outlet - youbasement, 2008 NEC decided to put it on a GFCI
should have a GFCI receptacle installed as aprotected circuit). You can use one of the two
replacement.small appliance GFCI protected circuits, but an
Kitchen Electrical Requirementsindividual circuit makes more sense for this
- Kitchen electrical outlets installed above thepurpose.
countertops require at least 2 small appliance- Kitchen GFCI requirement also applies to an
branch circuits.island and peninsula countertop - if it has a
- Kitchen electrical circuits serving countertopminimum dimensions of 12" x 24" it requires at
outlets must be rated for 20 ampers (#12 wire)least one GFCI protected electrical outlet. In case
- Kitchen GFCI receptacles installed on those 20you have a larger island (or any) countertop,
amp circuits must be also 20 amp rateddivided by the sink, or a cook-top, range, etc., and
Example: for 5 kitchen GFCI receptacles servingthere is less than 12" of counter-space behind that
countertops there should be a minimum of 2dividing sink or appliance - each of the sections
circuit breakers (or two fuses) in your electricalwould require a GFCI protected receptacle.
panel - one protecting 3 of those outlets, andKitchen GFCI outlet locations above and below the
second responsible for other 2 (or 4 & 1 - itcountertops
doesn't matter).- Not more than 20" above
Those two or more electrical circuits supplying- Not more than 12" below (island and peninsula
power to the kitchen GFCI receptacles (abovewith no backsplashes, dividers, etc.) if the
the countertop) must also serve remaining kitchencountertop overhang is 6" or smaller. Those side
open walls, pantry and dinning room receptacles.wall receptacles create a safety hazard for
However, they can not be used for the kitchenchildren reaching them or anyone accidentally
lighting or outlets located within the cabinets orbrushing the hanging cord, but often this is the
cupboards (sometimes used to for a under theonly choice. I would highly recommend to use that
cabinet lights low voltage transformer or regularkitchen GFCI protected receptacle under
voltage light fixtures, microwave or othersupervision (if you have small children), and
permanently installed appliances). GFCI protectionremove the plug as soon as you're finished.
is not required for those extra receptacles, butGarbage disposer, dishwasher, microwave do not
since installed on a 20 amp rated circuits, theyrequire GFCI protection, and can not be supplied
must be also 20 amp rated.by the small appliance circuits. Depending on the
There are two exceptions; the two (or more)amount of power they need (check the
electrical circuits providing power to the kitchennameplate or installation instructions), you can
GFCI receptacles can be also used to:either use 1, 2 or 3 circuits (if nothing else will be
on those electrical circuits).
1. support operation of an electric clockBelow are typical ratings of those appliances -
2. provide power to supplemental equipment andthey should not use more than 80% of the circuit
lighting on gas ranges, ovens or cook-topsbreaker rating protecting it if on dedicated circuit,
(electronic display, control panels, etc.) What is theor 50% if sharing the circuit with something else:
number of required kitchen GFCI protected- 1/2 HP garbage disposal - 2.5 amp (WasteMade
receptacles above the countertop - it all dependsgarbage disposer is the only one I could find with
on how long is your countertop...such a small amperage )
- Every 12" wide section of the kitchen wall- dishwasher - 9 to 12 amp
countertop space requires a GFCI protected- microwave - 4.5 to 12 amp
receptacleExample: small microwave + garbage disposer = 6
- There must be no point along the kitchenamp + 2 amp = 8 amp - you can install both of
countertop wall line located further than 24? fromthem on a single, dedicated circuit protected by a
the GFCI outlet receptacle (horizontally). Most of20 amp breaker because they will use less than
the new appliances are equipped with very short50% of the breakers' rating (15 amp breaker
electrical cords to prevent them fromwould be too small)
overheating, tangling, etc. Because of those short- No face-up kitchen GFCI receptacles (and no
appliance cords, electrical outlets spacing should beunprotected devices of course) are permitted!