How to Select a Wire or Cable

If you are about to purchase wire or cable forDisadvantages: Not effective above audio
the first time, or even if you have purchased it infrequency range
the past, you may find the task daunting.  AfterCombination Shields:
all, most distributors stock thousands of wire andUses: Video, CATV, MATV, networking, computer
cable products.  Your application may requireI/O cables
ribbon cable, but which specific ribbon cable shouldAdvantages: 100% foil coverage, strong and low
you buy?  Having choices is important, but withresistance
so many choices, decision-making can becomeDisadvantages: Higher cost than other shields
overwhelming.Chemical Resistance 
Do you know what questions to ask?  BeforeAn engineer will tell you that electrical cables
beginning a search, equip yourself with the rightpossess various levels of chemical resistance, but
knowledge.  Background information combinedthere may be more to it.  You should know
with basic preparation can give you somewhich chemicals could present a potential problem
command during the buying process.  In thein the entire lifespan of your cable.  Also, consider
article, “Specifying High-Performance Cables:that oils and corrosive chemical vapors or liquids
The Devil Is In The Details,” by Alpha Wirecould potentially enter into the cable connections. 
Company, they evaluate four main issues to beAny type of chemical intrusion could lead to cable
considered.  These are cable shielding, flexibility,failure.  You might need to add additional sealing
chemical resistance, and temperature range.to prevent moisture permeation. 
ShieldingTemperature
When purchasing cable, be sure to explore cableTemperature range is another essential factor in
shielding.  Shielding ensures that the electricalthe mix of things.  What temperatures will your
process runs smoothly.  An engineer will tell youcable need to withstand to be effective?  You
shielding minimizes problems of signal exit ormay find that a cable possesses all the necessary
entrance caused by interference.  Types offeredelectrical features required for extreme
include braid, foil, spiral, or a combination braid/foiltemperatures, but will it be able to adapt to the
shield.  Each type has advantages andphysical demands associated with that
disadvantages: temperature? 
Foil Shields:Flexibility & Flex
Uses: CATV, MATV, Video, computer I/O cablesA flexible cable can make installation and
Advantages: 100% cable coverage, low weighttroubleshooting much easier.  However, did you
and low costknow that “flexing” is a different issue
Disadvantages: High DC resistance and lowerthat needs to be addressed?  Due to the nature
mechanical strengthof many manufacturing applications, cables may
Braid Shields:encounter constant flexing.  Particular cables are
Uses: Computers to terminate interconnect forbuilt better for this than others.
process or control applicationsConclusion
Advantages: Great structural integrity, flexibilityThere is more to finding the ideal cable than
and flex life meets the eye.  Don’t be intimidated by
Disadvantages: Does not provide full coverage,choices.  A cable exists for just about every
heavyenvironment and application if you know what to
Spiral Shield:look for.  Spend some time asking the right
Uses: Microphone, audio cables and retractile cordsquestions and consider every angle.
Advantages: Great flexibility and flex life