Connecting Lines: Computer Networking Explained

In a nutshell, computer networking is basically aformation of the network. And the bus network
cluster of computers linked together in a wayis the most straightforward among the various
that it can transmit data and share resources.network topologies. Let us begin with the bus. All
These sets of connections do not necessitatethe machines link up to a linear transmission
that the computers bear the same operatingchannel, or the bus.
systems (OS); it does not even require thatIn operation, when a computer sends off data
similar types of gadgets be used. A perfectthrough the bus, all connected machines can see
example is a personal data assistant (PDA). Onethe data, otherwise known as packet. These
may connect a PDA to a laptop over a network.packets possess pieces of information tagged as
Even kitchen appliances like the internet enabledpacket headers. And these headers, in turn,
refrigerator uses networking to activate itsreflect the recipient or to which computer or
surfing functions.machine the data is intended for. The bus inspects
How Is Networking Done?the header: if it is for that computer then the
There are various methods to link computers andwhole packet is recognized and received, but if it
other gadgets to a network. And among theis not, it will be merely ignored.
plethora of ways and means, the most commonThe Downside: One at a Time
networking method is the use of cables. TheUnfortunately, the bus can only handle a single
market provides an assortment of cables fromdata at any given time. In here, two is a crowd.
copper-wired to fiber optics each with itsImagine what could happen if three computers in
advantages and disadvantages.the network simultaneously transmit data. Well,
Copper Wire: Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable (UTP)you will certainly have a few network problems if
The UTP is one of the frequently utilized cablesthis collision happens. Speaking of collision, if and
for a local area network (LAN) connection, whichwhen two computers concurrently send data, the
is essentially linking a few computers within a smallmain computer (or the first one that notices the
geographical area (thus the name, LAN). Goingcollision) will transmit a blocking sign onto the bus.
back to the UTP, this is composed of twoThis will trigger a standstill among the linked
unshielded and insulated copper wires coiled andcomputers preventing any further data exchange.
twisted together to diminish electrical interference.Network Interface Cards (NIC)
This type of cable is often opted due to itsNICs usually control the 'to and fro' or the
flexibility, easy maintenance and low cost. Thetransmission of packets across the wires bridging
downside, it can (and will) possibly receive severethe computers in a single network. It also
blows from electrical interference.provides a venue of communication among the
Fiber Opticscomputers.
Data is exchanged by sending voltages along theHub
wire. But for fiber optics, the data is transmittedHub is intended for small-scale computer
through light pulses. While the UTP has copper,networking. The problem with this is that it does
fiber optics has threadlike strands of glass, ornot sort packets, meaning the data may be sent
silica. The process goes like this: the laserto the wrong recipient. Another is that the data
translates digital signals into pulses of light andwill be open for everyone in the network. Security
conveys it down the series of glass strands. Fiberwise, this is not the way to go.
optics offer rapid data correspondence, thoughRouter
this speed comes with a price, a pocket burningTo speed things up, this is a network device that
price. With that said, this kind of connection isdiffuses data packets between two networks
often seen being utilized by huge internet servicebearing different protocols. Yes, it is that blinking
providers (ISP) and data centers, not in office orbox that allows you to connect to the web.
home networks.There you go. This is simply scratching the
Network Topology: Bus Networksurface of networking. You may opt to scour the
Simply put, network topology is the physicalinternet for more information.